A sepoy working under the British East India Company, Mangal Pandey’s name got etched into the pages of the Indian history after he attacked his senior British officers in an incident, which is today remembered as the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 or the India’s First War of Independence. He was a sipahi or sepoy in British East Indian Company for the 34th Bengal Native Infantry Regiment. Himself wounded by now, Paltu was obliged to loosen his grip. Mangal Pandey History. To this, the jemadar stated that his NCOs had gone for help and that he could not take Pandey by himself. Modern Indian nationalists portray Pandey as the mastermind behind a conspiracy to revolt against the British, although a recently published analysis of events immediately preceding the outbreak concludes that "there is little historical evidence to back up any of these revisionist interpretations". https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mangal-Pandey, MapsofIndia.com - Government and Politics - Biography of Mangal Pandey, IndiaNetzone - Indian Personalities - Biography of Mangal Pandey, ILoveIndia.com - Biography of Mangal Pandey. For this, he was hanged on 8th April 1857. Updates? The non-commissioned officers of the regiment refused to accept the cartridges on 26 February. Further, it was reported to him that one of them, Mangal Pandey, was pacing in front of the regiment's guard room by the parade ground, armed with a loaded musket, calling upon the men to rebel and threatening to shoot the first European that he set eyes on. This information was conveyed to the commanding officer, Colonel William Mitchell; he took it upon himself to try to convince the sepoys that the cartridges were no different from those they had been accustomed to and that they need not bite it. However, he was considered as a mutineer and traitor by the contemporary British opinion. Research Fellow, Institute of South Asian Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore. They then threatened Shaikh Paltu and ordered him to release Pandey, whom he had been vainly trying to hold back. Pakrashi. A British Sergeant-Major named Hewson had arrived on the parade ground, summoned by a native officer, before Baugh. Mangal Pandey was born on 19 July 1827 in the village of Nagwa in the Ballia district of Uttar Pradesh. were declared unsuited to take charge of any new regiments raised to replace the disbanded units. It was then that another sepoy, Shaikh Paltu, intervened and tried to restrain Pandey even as he tried to reload his musket.[3]. had a good recent record and that the Court of Enquiry had not found any evidence of a connection with unrest at Berhampore involving the 19th B.N.I. Mangal Pandey was born on 19 July 1827 in Nagwa, a village of upperBallia district, Uttar Pradesh, in a Brahmin family. In 1984, the Indian government issued a postage stamp to remember him. He was admitted as an Indian soldier in the 34th Army team of Bengal East India Company, Bengal Native Infantry (BNI), Mangal Pandey was involved in the English East India Company to know about earlier incidents in Indian history and to attack British officers. With this in mind, it is good to see the actions of Mangal Pandey. Witnessing the execution is Pandey's friend, Captain William Gordon (Toby Stephens), who is relieved when the execution is delayed due to the hangman's refusal to hang Pandey. Mangal Pandey, (born July 19, 1827, Akbarpur, India—died April 8, 1857, Barrackpore), Indian soldier whose attack on British officers on March 29, 1857, was the first major incident of what came to be known as the Indian, or Sepoy, Mutiny (in India the uprising is often called the First War of Independence or other similar names). [2], Baugh immediately armed himself and galloped on his horse to the lines. Hewson had charged towards Pandey as he was fighting with Lieutenant Baugh. However, Mangal Pandey's actions and the failure of the armed and on-duty sepoys of the quarter-guard to take action convinced the British military authorities that the whole regiment was unreliable. His life and actions have also been portrayed in several cinematic productions. The Indian rebellion of 1857 was started over a rifle introduced to the sepoy armies. Does he ever appear outside history books. Mangal Pandey had joined the Bengal Army in 1849. Mangal Pandey, whose name is often preceded by Shaheed meaning a martyr in Hindi, was an Indian soldier during the pre-independence era. When asked whether he had been under the influence of any substances, he stated steadfastly that he had mutinied on his own accord and that no other person had played any part in encouraging him. Pandey was born in a town near Faizabad in what is now eastern Uttar Pradesh state in northern India, although some give his birth place as a small village near Lalitpur (in present-day southwestern Uttar Pradesh). An incident that happened when he was posted at the garrison in Barrackpore in the mid-1850s would change the course of his life and significantly impact the Indian independence movement. He then gets separated from his sister, Deepa, is adopted by a drug-dealer, Kulbhushan, who re-names him 'Tiger'; and then joins hands with … While he was posted at the garrison in Barrackpore in the mid-1850s, a new Enfield rifle was introduced into India that required a soldier to bite off the ends of greased cartridges in order to load the weapon. Pandey's reference to cartridges is usually attributed to a new type of bullet cartridge used in the Enfield P-53 rifle which was to be introduced in the Bengal Army that year. Gordon is indebted to Mangal and a strong friendship develops between them, transcending consideration of rank and race. The 1857 war of Indian Independence In the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857, three regiments of the Indian Army refused to use the ammunition of the Enfield Rifles and demanded that Bahadur Shah Zafar take over the emperor of India as the head of the rebel. He was sentenced to death by hanging, along with Jemadar Ishwari Prasad, after three Sikh members of the quarter-guard testified that the latter had ordered them not to arrest Pandey. Mangal Pandey was born on 19 July 1827 in Nagwa, a village of upper Ballia district, Ceded and Conquered Provinces (now in Uttar Pradesh). Mangal Pandey’s legacy is such that it was also exhibited on Hindi cinema by actor Aamir Khan in his 2005 feature film by the same name. Mangal Pandey, who joined the sepoy force of the British East India Company in the year 1849, at the age of 22. Mangal Pandey was born on July 19, 1827 in Nagwa village of Ballia district of Uttar Pradesh. Pandey was soon tried and sentenced to death. Mangal Pandey was born in the High casteBrahmin family which professed and believed strongly in the Hindu culture andbeliefs. Mangal Pandey was an Indian soldier born on 19 July 1827 in Nagwa, Ballia district, India. This time, however, there appears to be a degree of uniformity across the board, among those objecting to the film. [7], There were a wide range of factors causing apprehension and mistrust in the Bengal Army immediately prior to the Barrackpore event. File Description Size Format Image; 01_Majumdar_Mangal_Pandey:_Film_and_2007.pdf: 1.91 MB: Adobe PDF Request a copy [8], Colonel S. Wheeler of the 34th B.N.I. and (subsequent to the incident of 29 March) Colonel Wheeler of Pandey's 34th B.N.I. Pandey was ambitious and viewed his profession as a sepoy as a stepping-stone to future success. He missed. [4], Pandey recovered and was brought to trial less than a week later. The men of the quarter-guard fell in and followed Hearsey towards Pandey. Pandey was a soldier in the 6th Company of the 34th Bengal Native Infantry and is primarily known for his involvement in an attack on several of the regiment's officers. Jemadar Ishwari Prasad was executed by hanging on 21 April. Mangal Pandey: The Rising is the latest in a series of Bollywood films to be caught in the throes of controversy. Mangal Pandey (Aamir Khan), a sepoy (soldier of Indian origin) in the 34th Bengal Native Infantry of the company's army, is being led to his execution by hanging for fomenting mutiny against company rule. The vision and mission for a Free India | Image: File Image A commemorative postage stamp with his image on it was issued by the Indian government in 1984. is important because it was the regiment charged with testing the new cartridges on 26 February 1857. The sepoy will fire at you! [9], The 19th B.N.I. He was from a high-caste Brahman landowning family that professed strong Hindu beliefs. Mangal Pandey was an Indian sepoy of the British East India Company. Mangal Pandey – The First Man to fight for Independent India He was known for his rebellion against the British regiment officers. Testimony at a subsequent enquiry recorded that Pandey, unsettled by unrest amongst the sepoys and intoxicated by the narcotic bhang, had seized weapons and run to the quarter-guard building upon learning that a detachment of British soldiers was disembarking from a steamer near the cantonment. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. He became the privatesoldier in the 5th Company of the 34thBe… He was a sepoy in the 34th regiment of the Bengal Native Infantry. During a fierce battle in one of the Afghan wars that the Company fought in the mid-century, Mangal Pandey, the heroic sepoy, saves the life of his British commanding officer, William Gordon. The cartridge was thought to be greased with animal fat, primarily from cows and pigs, which could not be consumed by Hindus and Muslims respectively (the former a holy animal of the Hindus and the latter being abhorrent to Muslims). He was a sepoy (infantryman) in the 34th Bengal Native Infantry (BNI) regiment of the British East India Company. Mangal Pandey was an Indian sepoy in the service of the British East India Company. '[4] At that point Pandey fired. When Mangal Pandey was 22 years old, he joined the army of the British East India Company in 1849. At this juncture, Shaikh Paltu, while trying to defend the two Englishmen called upon the other sepoys to assist him. The Indian troops thought that it was a deliberate act of the British in an attempt to defile their religions. For the 2005 film, see, "Read Latest News, News Today, Breaking News, India News and Current News on Politics, Bollywood and Sports", Mangal Pandey Park, Amusement Parks / Auditoriums / Clubs, Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mangal_Pandey&oldid=992625956, Revolutionaries of the Indian Rebellion of 1857, People executed by British India by hanging, Indian independence activists from Uttar Pradesh, Wikipedia pending changes protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 6 December 2020, at 07:49. There are various opinions as to what happened on March 29, 1857. The stamp and the accompanying first-day cover were designed by Delhi-based artist C. R. He missed Baugh, but the bullet struck his horse in the flank bringing both the horse and its rider down. This incident marked an opening stage in what came to be known as the India's First War of Independence or Indian Mutiny of 1857. [17], A park named Shaheed Mangal Pandey Maha Udyan has been set up at Barrackpore to commemorate the place where Pandey attacked British officers and was subsequently hanged. The sound of the firing had brought other sepoys from the barracks; they remained mute spectators. His execution (by hanging) was set for April 18, but British authorities, fearing the outbreak of a large-scale revolt if they waited until then, moved the date up to April 8. The paper used in wrapping the cartridges was of a different colour, arousing suspicions. During the incident itself he shouted to other sepoys: "come out – the Europeans are here"; "from biting these cartridges we shall become infidels" and "you sent me out here, why don't you follow me". Pandey is an important influence on Samad's life and is repeatedly referenced and investigated by the novel's characters. At his court-martial, he stated that he had been taking bhang and opium, and was not conscious of his actions on 29 March. Sepoy Shaikh Paltu was promoted to havildar (sergeant) for his behavior on 29 March but he was murdered in an isolated part of the Barrackpore cantonment shortly before the regiment was disbanded. In addition, a movie and stage play that depicted his life both appeared in 2005. Corrections? [15], Samad Iqbal, a fictional descendant of Mangal Pandey, is a central character in Zadie Smith's debut novel White Teeth. Before the annexation, these sepoys had the right to petition the British Resident at Lucknow for justice — a significant privilege in the context of native courts. He concluded his exhortation with an appeal to the native officers to uphold the honour of the regiment and a threat to court-martial such sepoys as refused to accept the cartridge. Mangal Pandey Biography. In March 1857, he was a private soldier (sepoy) in the 5th Company of the 34th Bengal Native Infantry. Knowledge of his action was widespread amongst his fellow sepoys and is assumed to have been one of the factors leading to the general series of mutinies that broke out during the following months. Albeit, he was a loyal and dutiful soldier until things took a stark turn and everything changed in the pages of history. It was rumored that people used cow or pig moss to make weapons smoother, which started to fall apart in Hindu and Muslim communities. Mangal Pandey was arrested and sentenced to death after he attacked British officers in Barrackpore on March 29, 1857. [1], On the afternoon of 29 March 1857, Lieutenant Baugh, Adjutant of the 34th Bengal Native Infantry, then stationed at Barrackpore was informed that several men of his regiment were in an excited state. In India, Pandey has been remembered as a freedom fighter against British rule. Both Colonel Mitchell of the 19th B.N.I. Mangal Pandey played a key part in events immediately preceding the 1857 rebellion and is widely regarded as a freedom fighter in modern India. He was born on 19th July, 1827 in Ballia district of Uttar Pradesh, India. He joined the Bengal Army in the year 1849. Mangal Pandey was born on 19 July 1827 in Nagwa, a village of upper Ballia district, Ceded and Conquered Provinces (now in Uttar Pradesh). [14], The life of Pandey was the subject of a stage play titled The Roti Rebellion, which was written and directed by Supriya Karunakaran. Pandey inspired the Indian Mutiny (also called the Indian Rebellion of 1857, among other names) after rumours circulated that cow lard was used to grease rifle cartridges, which was repugnant to Hindus. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. The annexation had negative implications for sepoys in the Bengal Army (a significant portion of whom came from that princely state). The belief arose among the sepoys that the British had deliberately used the lard on the cartridges. Savarkar, who viewed his motive as one of the earliest manifestations of Indian Nationalism. He joined the East India Company's army in 1849 at the age of 18. [10], A Court of Enquiry was ordered which, after an investigation lasting nearly a month, recommended the disbanding of the 19th B.N.I. However, the general agreement is that Pandey attempted to incite his fellow sepoys to rise up against their British officers, attacked two of those officers, attempted to shoot himself after having been restrained, and eventually was overpowered and arrested. A sepoy working under the British East India Company, Mangal Pandey’s name got etched into the pages of the Indian history after he attacked his senior British officers in an incident, which is today remembered as the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 or the India’s First War of Independence. Mangal Pandey was born on July 19, 1827, in a small village in eastern Uttar Pradesh to a Brahmin family. History grade: D Mangal Pandey was a sepoy, an Indian soldier in the army of the East India Company. A rumour spread that the lubricant used was either cow or pig lard, which was repugnant to Hindus or Muslims, respectively. This video is about Mangal Pandey (The First Hero Of Indian Independence) Biography in Hindi. He played an important part that immediately outbreak into the Indian revolt of 1857. The same was carried out on 31 March. [16], The Government of India commemorated Pandey by issuing a postage stamp bearing his image on 5 October 1984. As a result of the East India Company's action, they lost that special status, since Oudh no longer existed as a nominally independent political entity. He backed away in one direction and Baugh and Hewson in another, while being struck with the butt ends of the guards' muskets. With Ranjit Sood, Ajit, Harbans Darshan M. Arora, Parveen Babi. However, Paltu continued to hold Pandey until Baugh and the sergeant-major was able to get up. Mangal Pandey, (born July 19, 1827, Akbarpur, India—died April 8, 1857, Barrackpore), Indian soldier whose attack on British officers on March 29, 1857, was the first major incident of what came to be known as the Indian, or Sepoy, Mutiny (in India the uprising is often called the First War of Independence or other similar names). The play was organized by Sparsh, a theatre group, and presented in June 2005 at The Moving Theatre at Andhra Saraswat Parishad, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh. Hewson in reply called out to Baugh, 'Ride to the right, sir, for your life. was known as a zealous Christian preacher. Facts about Mangal Pandey will make you learn more about the life of an Indian soldier considered as a hero in modern India. Hisfather’s name was Divakar Pandey who was a peasant and his mother was AbhairaniPandey. [18], This article is about an Indian Soldier. The rebellion led to the abolition of the British East India Company in favour of direct British rule. A sepoy in the 34th Regiment of … His father Divakar Pandey was a peasant. The wife of Captain William Halliday of the 56th B.N.I. [4], Mangal Pandey's execution was scheduled for 8 April (See Forrest 1893). Mangal Pandey would prove to be influential for later figures in the Indian Nationalist Movement like V.D. Be it Kolkata intellectuals, the Mangal Pandey Suraksha Samiti in Uttar Pradesh It appeared that Pandey had acted without first taking other sepoys into his confidence but that antipathy towards their British officers within the regiment had led most of those present to act as spectators, rather than obey orders. Mangal Pandey was born on July 19, 1827 in village Nagwa of district Ballia in Uttar Pradesh. He collapsed bleeding, with his regimental jacket on fire, but not mortally wounded. Regiment was disbanded "with disgrace" on 6 May as a collective punishment, after an investigation by the government, for failing to perform their duty in restraining a mutinous soldier and their officer. Although he played a vital role in the freedom fight during 1857 and attacked his British officers. Editor of. Mangal Pandey was born on July 19th1827 in the Nagwa village of Upper Ballia district in Uttar Pradesh. There have been various accounts of the events of March 29, 1857. On 29th March 1857, Mangal Pandey got into an altercation with the British officers over the cartridges smeared with beef and pork fat. Taking in the scene, he rode up to the guard, drew his pistol and ordered them to do their duty by seizing Mangal Pandey. [4], In the meantime, a report of the incident had been carried to the commanding officer General Hearsey, who then galloped to the ground with his two officer sons. Mangal Pandey’s actions in 1857 sparked the Indian Mutiny, also often called India’s First War of Independence. Some contemporary reports suggested that he was under the influence of drugs—possibly cannabis or opium—and was not fully aware of his actions. While confronting Pandey, Hewson was knocked to the ground from behind by a blow from Pandey's musket. Pandey joined the army of the British East India Company in 1849, some accounts suggesting that he was recruited by a brigade that marched past him. Abused by his step-mother; Rajmer, Jaipur-based young Mangal faces more trauma when his father Havaldar Rajnath Pandey is shot dead by Daku Lal Singh. History of Mangal Pandey: In the middle of 1850, he was posted in the Defense Forces of Barrackpore (Barrackpore). Born to a humble brahmin family, Mangal Pandey was a Sepoy in the 6 th Company of the 34 th Native Infantry. were allowed to retain items of uniform and were provided by the government with allowances to return to their homes. Anticipating a revolt, British authorities moved up his initial execution date from April 18 to April 8, when he was hanged. He belonged to a high-caste Brahmin family. This initiated a period when heightened Indian nationalism steered India toward independence. [12], During the rebellion that followed, Pandee or Pandey became the derogatory term used by British soldiers and civilians when referring to a mutinous sepoy. 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